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@uiten tetra @anni @frn GEORGE F. CARD AND CHARLES A. STUDLEY, Oli` BRIDGEPORT, CON-p N ECTICUT.

Letters Patent No. 71,362, dated November `26, 1867'.`

IMPROVED FILE- GUTTER.

`'ro ALL WHOM IT MAY. coNoERNn Beit known that we, GEORGE F; GARD and CHARLES A. Saronnnr, both ot'` the city of Bridgeport,in the county of Fairfield, and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machinery for 4 (flutting Files; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the con-` structiomcharacter, and operation of the same, reference being had 4to the accompanying drawings, #which` mkepartof this specication, in whichi y A Figure 1 is a perspective 'view of the whole machine, as ready for use, with the blank in its position for" being cut. n y l v Figure is a longitudinal section of the machine, cut Vvertically through the centre, showing the relative positions of the several operating parts. y f

Our improvement consists in the manner, hereinafter described, of arranging the feed so that it may, by a universal motion, allow the blank always-to rest true and firm on the anvil or block, at a Vpoint directly ,under i the edge. of the chisel, however `much the blank may taper or differ in thickness, either longitudinally or in` cross-section, or be in any small degree winding or warped, as it will conform to any such variations;` and in` the hereinafter-described manner of operating the chisel and hammer so that the chisel, after being raisedor carried over the tooth or burr last raised, may eomc'down, and, by its pressure, force the portion of the blank l s next to be cut to the proper position and firmness before the hammer strikes thechisel, so that the cut will be y of equal depth from side to side; and in the manner, hereinafter described, of arranging and `operi'tting the i turn-table, in connection with apparatus, so that we are able to cut or form the teeth of theiile at any desired I angle or degree of Obliquity, while the feed will continue the same, without reference to the position of the` turn-table.

We make the frame A A :A andA of cast iron,or any other suitablefmaterial, substantially in the form` 4shown in g.- Il, and indicated in fig. 2; and we attach it to the stocker lower partBof theanvilor stake by means of the brace and on the rear portion, or at the end of this frame, we erect or attach two posts or,`

uprights, C C, as represented in iig. 1, (oneof which is shown in section in fig.` 2,) in'which we have thebear-` ings forv the 'journals of '.thc shaft a, of the ily-wheel D, cam z, and driving-pulley E, and also the bearings, as b of the hammer-shaft c, all as shown in tlg. 1, and indicated in iig. 2.

In front of the shafts a-and c we erect a stud or upright, as shown at d, into the upper4 part of which we i insert the'end of the elastic handle or bar which carries (at the other end) the cutting-chisel f,`th`e edge of which chisel may be'xmade'of any shape to t the upper surface of the blank, whether straight or curved; and we secure the rear end-g of the hammer-handle h to the shaft c, all as represented in iig. 1, and indicated in sec i tionv in iig. 2, making the hammer 'n of the desired size. i p

We make the stock or lower part B of the anvil or stake of cast iron, or any other suitable material, and the upper part of steel, if deemed necessary; and in the extreme upper end we make a hemispherical cavity, as represented in section at z', g. 2, to receive a steel solid hemisphere, l7',\in such a manner as to form, to a limited extent, a ball-and-socket joint; and we make a suitable recess or space Iacross this dat top, -te receive the file-blank 'and hold it steady while being out; and we it'two hollow cylinders, k and l, one on each side, .y but a little in front, of the upper end of the anvil, in each ot' which we fit a. piston or plunger, the upper ends y of which are shown at m and n, and they are drawn downward by spiral springs, or any other` analogous means;` l

and, in the upper ends, m and n, we fit suitable bearing for the arbor or axis o of the ball p, which is revolved by the friction of the feed, and holds the blank steady in the required position while being cut. We make this p l ballp of copper, or any other suitable material that will not injure .the points or edges of the teeth while 1 passing over them in the cross or second cutting of the file.v

On the central portion of the stock of the anvil or stake we drop (loosely) a toothed wheel, with n concave periphery, as represented at G, iig. 1, and indicated in iig. 2, which is revolved by the worm K; and the upper` i c nd of the wheel Gwe cut as a bevel-gear, as indicated in section nt r r, fig. 2, which works the bevelgeari 1 pinion s on the end of V'the feeding-screw H, all as represented in iig. 1, andlindicated in iig. 2. The worm K. may bc Worked by pulleys L and E, and band M, or by a suitable train of gear-wheels. p

and to any winding.

We make the universal joint, to hold the tile-blank, substantially as shown in section in fig. 2, where the point of the screw t holds the block or plug u in its position, but allows it to revolve' asfar as is necessary, while the part v works on a joint-pin and .in a slot, so that the revolving motion of one and rectilinear motion ofthe other will constitute the universal motion; and we secure the end or tang of the blank w in the part e by means of the binding-screw z. And to cause the partsul ande to advance in the direction indicated by theldart, to feed the blank, we attach to the under side of the cylinder in which they work a segmeutvoi a nut, y, to it the feeding-screw H, which we throw into and out of gear by means of a pin or projection, which works in a diagonal slot, as shown in ig. 1. j

Having constructed and arranged the several parts as before described, we secure the tangof the file-blank in the part u by the screw x, and pass the point of the blank into the recess or cavity in the upper surface of the solid hemisphere j, and under the hall p, to the proper extent to allow the chiself to fall at the point where.

wedesirc to commence the cutting, adjust the turn-table, by its graduations, to thesangle or degrlee'of Obliquity at which'we wish to havethe teeth, and then set the machine in operation' by applying power to the driving- A pulley (or in any other convenient way,) when the cam z, acting on the tail a', will raise the hammer n to the i position shown in figs. 1 and 2, dand the spiral spring P will raise the chiselfsuiciently to pass over the last tooth or burr raised by cutting, so as to allow the blank to be fed forward, when the rounded surface of the' tail a of the hammer N, (or of the cam 2,) the edge of the chiselfwill again come down so as to press the blank 4te its proper position, when the hammer N will fall on the upper end of the chiself, and produce the cut or raise the tooth, and so on'till the side is cut as far as desired; and then the otherside may be cut in-the same way; and each of the sides may be cut again, making the latter cutsacross the formera-t any desired angle.'

Among the peculiar advantages of our improvement is the manner of arranging the ball-and-socket joint, and the universal motion, so. that the surface of the blank may always be presented fairly to the edge of the vchisel,,irrespective of any difference of thickness in the blank, either lengthwise or crosswise,l or any twisting of the blank; and in the method of holding th'e blank in its place by the pressure of the yielding spherical` ball of soft metal, so that the pressure mayrconform to the varying thicknesses of the blank in either direction,

What we claim as our inventionyand desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-V l. The combination of the ball-and-socket join-t and i) with the universal-motion apparatus, (u and 1),)

when they are constructed, combined, and fitted to feed and td adjust the blank, substantially as herein described` and set forth.

2. We claim the combination of the hammer N, chiseljf, and spring P, when they are constructed, con nected, and fitted to produce tbc result, substantially as herein described and set forth.

3. We claim the combination of the worm K and wheel G. and rr with the pinion s, screw H, and segmental nut y, when they are constructed, combined, and fitted to rfeed the blank, substantially as -hcrein described and set forth. v

4. We claim the combination of the turn-table with the feeding andiblank-holding apparatus'herein `=described, when constructed and littcd to govern the cut, substantially as herein set fourth.

5. We claim the'combination of the turn-table and holding-device with the anvil j and vball p, "and-its appendages, when thel are constructed, combined, and fitted for use, substantially' as herein described and set forth.

GEORGE F. CARD,

'CHARLES A. STUDLEY.4

Witnesses z R. FITZGERALD, Tnnononn CoLsrAN. 

